Loom harness-strap



Jam 5, 1954 G. wALTERs Erm.

LOOM HARNESS-STRAP 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 16, 1950 EOw Ii\IHHHUHIHHIWIIHIWWWII c u o -o LD o Jn, o

lllbf f 8 f 5w G. WALTERS ET AL Jan. 5, 1954 LOOM HARNESS-STRAP 2 Sheets*Sheet Filed May 16, 1950 Patented Jan. 5, 1954 LOOM HARNESS-STRAP Gustav Walters and Ernest F. Gatzke, Middletown, Conn., assignors to The Russell Manufacturing Company, Middletown, Conn., a corporation of Connecticut Application May 16, 1950, Serial No. 162,232

8 Claims.

rEhis invention relates to an improved harnessstrap for actuating the harness-frames of Weaving looms.

One object of this invention is to provide an improved loom harness-strap which will have higher resistance to ripping by the harness-hook or jackwire or other member whichk engages in a hole in the harness-strap for operating the harness-frame.

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved harness-strap which shall have greater flexibility or freedom of bending.

Other objects and advantages will appear to those skilled in the art from the following, considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In the description and claims, the various parts and steps are identified by specific terms for convenience, but they are intended to be as generic in their application as the prior art will permit.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of the present disclosure, in which certain ways of carrying out the invention are shown for illustrative purposes:

Fig. l is a front elevation of a fragment of a loom showing a harness-strap in operating relation with certain parts of the loom;

Fig. 2 is a broken top plan view of the harnessstrap shown in Fig. 1, and which is made in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 3 is an edge elevation of the harness-strap shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a broken top plan view similar to Fig. 2 of a modified form of harness-strap made in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic top plan View of a fragmental portion of the harness-strap illustrated in Fig. 2, illustrating the weave thereof;

Fig. 6 is a schematic sectional view on line 6-6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a schematic top plan view illustrating a harness-hook engaged in a hole of the harnessstrap;

Fig. 8 is a schematic View similar to Fig. 7, but illustrating in exaggerated form, what takes place in the strap when the harness-hook is put under stress, such as periodically occurs during normal operation;

Fig. 9 is a schematic sectional View similar to Fig. 6 of a modied form of weave;

Fig. 10 is a schematic sectional view similar to Fig. 6 of another modied form of weave; and

Fig. 11 is a schematic sectional view similar to Fig. 10 of still another modified form of weave.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 8 of the drawings, Fig.

l illustrates a fragment of a harness-frame 20 having a harness-hook 2| engaged through one of the group or set of holes 22 in one end of the harness-strap 23, which strap extends over a sheave 24 and has one of the set of holes 25 in the other end of the strap engaged by a hook 26 known as a jackwire. As is well understood by those skilled in the art, the jackwire 25 is actuated by suitable mechanism to pull the end of the strap 23 to which it is connected, toward the right of Fig. 1 to thereby cause the central portion of the strap 23 to ride up and over the sheave 24 and thus cause the lower end of the strap 23 to lift the hook 2| and the harnessframe 20. Upon the jackwire 26 being permitted to move to the left, the harness-frame 2) pulls the strap 23 to its original position shown in Fig. 1, all as is well known by those skilled in the art. The sets of holes 22 and 25 permit of adjusting the hooks 2| and 26, so as to engage in one or another of the sets of holes, as usage of the strap tends to elongate it.

In the modied form of strap 21 illustrated in Fig. 4, a set of holes 28 is illustrated at one end, and only one hole 29 at the other end. This strap 2l could be employed in the construction illustrated in Fig. 1, but is commonly employed in a way well known to those skilled in the art in connection with what is known as a twoharness loom, as is well understood by those skilled in the art and is, therefore, unnecessary to illustrate.

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate the preferred form of weave which is employed in making the straps 23 and 2l. This weave employs ve plies 3U, 3|, 32, 33 and 34. The two opposite outside plies 30 and 34, may be referred to as the face plies of the strap. The weft picks ,or filling picks numbered 35, 36, 31, 38, 39 and 45 form one bank of picks which, in a one-shuttle loom, for example, are formed in the weaving operation in the order in which they are numbered. That is, pick 35 is formed by the shuttle passing across in one direction, then pick 36 is formed by the shuttle passing back again, and so on. Each of the picks 35, 36, 38, 39 and 4|) lies in one of the ve plies respectively numbered 35, 3|, 32, 33 and 34, and may be termed a ply pick, and it will be noted that the pick 3l does not lie in any of the iive plies, but is what may be termed a oat pick. All ioat picks are shown as stippled for clearness. Similarly, picks 4|, 42, 43, 44, 45 and 46 form the next bank of picks, of which the pick 44 is a float pick. Similarly, picks 4i, 48, 49, 50, 5| and 52 form the next bank of picks, of which pick 49 is a float pick. And similarly,

picks 53 to 58 form the next bank of picks of which pick 56 is a oat pick. The four banks of picks just described, will presently be seen to constitute the picks of one complete repeat of the weave.

The ply 30 is formed by weft strands or picks 35, 4i, 41, 53, etc., the set or group of warp strands or warps or ply-warps 59, and the two sets or groups of binder-warp strands or binderwarps 59 and 6i. The next ply 3! is formed by picks 35, :12, 48, 54, etc., and four sets or groups of binder-warps 50, 5|, G2 and 53. The next ply 32 is formed by picks 38, 43, 58, 55, etc., and by four sets or groups of binder-warps 62, 63, 64 and 55. The next ply 33 is formed by picks 39, 45, 5l, 51, etc., and by four sets or groups of binderwarps 54, E5, G8 and 61. And the next or last ply 34 is formed by picks 40, 4S, 52, 58, etc., the two sets or groups of binder-warps 66 and 51, and the set or group of warps or ply-warps 53. rl`hus the sets of binder-warps 69 and 6| bind the plies 39 and 3! together, the sets of binderwarps 62 and 53 bind the plies V3i! and 32 together, and so on through the thickness of the strap, so that the binder-warps arearranged in overlappinU layers thicknesswise Vof the strap. The construction just described, forms one complete repeat of the fabric.

The weave construction illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6, while it only has live plies, has the number of warps which would normaly occur in, a six-ply fabric. In other words, the picks 3.1 and 49 are float picks which lie between the middle ply 32 and the ply 3i, and the picks 44 and 56 are also oat picks which lie between the middle ply 32 and the ply 33. This brings about two important results. It produces a more iiexible strap, which increases the life of the strap which is subject to the continual exing as it passes back and forth in its movement over the sheave 24 (Fig. l). And it also provides increased resistance when the hooks 2| and 26 (Fig. l) bring about a pulling action against the edges of holes of the strap, with consequent increase in length of life of the strap.

Due both to the larger number of picks that will be engaged by a hook 2|, and due to the greater exibility of the strap, and consequently greater freedom of distortion of the picks within the strap, the hook will pull the picks back from the position schematically illustrated in Fig. '7, as schematically illustrated in Fig. 8, whereby, before the hook can break the first pick, say 53, with which it engages, that pick has been backed up by a second pick 41 and the second pick by the third pick 4l, and so on. The picks just mentioned are in the top ply of the strap (Fig. 6), but of course the hook also engages against picks in the rest of the ve plies of the strap, and may also engage against one or more of the float picks; and other ply-picks and float picks in and near such other plies also take part in the backing-up action, so that a large number of picks are in backing-up supporting-engagement with the rst bank of picks with which the hook engages to thus give a great resistance to rip or tear at the hole.

The modified weave construction illustrated in Fig. 9 is very similar to the weave construction illustrated in Fig. 6, with the exception that the iioat picks 31 and 44 respectively are located between the plies 30 and 3| and in the first and third banks of picks, and the float picks 43 and 56 respectively are located between plies 33 and 34, and in the second and fourth banks of picks. Although the remaining parts of the construction shown in Figs. 6 and 9 are identical with one another, the remaining reference numerals applied to Fig. 6, are not repeated in Fig. 9 since it is unnecessary to refer to them in connection with Fig. 9.

The weave construction illustrated in .1T-ig. l0 is formed of four plies 69, 10, 1I and 1E. All the picks employed in this construction are plypicks, there being no float picks. But by having at least two plypicks in each bank of picks c,r ranged a pair, a larger number of picks than the number of plies, is obtained in the strap, than if all the ply-picks were arranged as singles. The picks "i3, 14, 15, 18, 11, 18, 'E9 and 33 are arranged in pairs to form one bank of picks. Picks 13 and 15 form one pair of picks in the ply 69, picks '.54 and 16 form a pair in the ply 10, picks 1'. and 'i9 formv a pair in the ply 'il and picks 28 and 80 form a pair in the ply 2, and the other banks of picks shown in Fig. lo are similarly arranged in pairs, but reference numerals are not applied to them as not being needed. The ply 89 is formed by the pairs of picks illustrated in this ply woven with a set of ply-warps 8| and two sets of binder-warps 82 and 83. The second ply 1D is formed by the pairs of picks shown in this ply being woven with four sets of binder-warps 82, 83, 84 and 85. The

third ply 1i is formed by the pairs of picks shown in this ply being woven with four sets of binderwarps 84, S5, 86 and 81. And the fourth ply 12 is formed of the pairs of picks shown in this ply being woven with two sets of binder-warps 86 and 81, and the set of ply-warps 88. Thus, it will be seen that the forni of weave illustrated in Fig. l0, while it only has four plies, has twice as many picks in each bank of picks as there are plies in the fabric, thus giving greatly increased strength against rip or tear, in strap made in accordance with this weave, by the action of a hook pulling against the wail. ci a noie in the strap.

In the modified form of the invention illustrated in Fig. 11, the weave construction is same as that shown in Fig. 10, with the exception that in each of the top and bottom plies, instead of pairs of picks, only a single pick is employed in each bank of picks, similar to the picks 13 and 13 illustrated in the rst bank of picks. It will be seen, however, that although the construtcion shown in Fig. l1 contains only the same number of four plies as the construction illustrated ni Fig. 10, that the number of picks in each bank of picks is six, thus giving a larger number of picks in each bank than the number of plies, for increased resistance to tear of a strap made in accordance with this construction, where a hook engages in a noie in it.

The weave construction illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 has the preferred construction of an odd number of plies with the ioat picks arranged on either side of and closely adjacent the central ply. But the constructions illustrated in Figs. 9 to l1 inclusive also give improved characteristics to a harness-strap made in accordance with this invention. Other forms of weaves embodying this invention can be employed, and a different number of plies can be employed from those illustrated.

It will be observed that in each of the weave constructions illustrated in Figs. 5, 6 and 9, each ply-pick of each ply is located as a single or individual pick in a shed. And in the construction illustrated in Fig. 10, all the picks are plypicks, and are arranged in pairs with each pair located in a shed. And in the weave construction illustrated in Fig. ll, all the picks are ply-picks, and as concerns the two central plies, the picks in each ply are arranged in pairsV with each pair of picks in a shed, while in the rst and fourth plies, the picks in each ply are arranged as single or individual picks with one pick in each shed. For convenience of terminology, whether there be one pick or more than one pick in a shed, such picks may be referred to as shed-picks.

The invention may be carried out in other speciiic ways than those herein set forth without departing from the spirit and essential characteristics of the invention, and the present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and all changes coming within the meaning and equivalency range of the appended claims are intended to be embraced therein.

We claim:

1. A woven, loom harness-strap construction having: ply-warp strands and binder-warp strands woven with weft picks to form more than two woven plies woven together; the average number' or" picks per bank of picks, being greater than the number of plies; a plurality of ply-warp strands being woven in only one ply which is one face-ply, and another plurality of ply-warp strands being woven in only another one ply which is the other face-ply; and substantially all the binder-warp strands being arranged in overlapping layers throughout the thickness of the strap,` and the binder-warp strands of each layer of binder-warp strands extending through two adjacent plies but not through all of the plies.

2. A woven, loom harness-strap construction having: ply-warp strands and binder-warp strands woven with weft picks to form more than two woven plies woven together; the average number of picks per bank of picks, being greater than the number of plies; a plurality of ply-warp strands being woven in only one ply which is one face-ply, and another plurality of ply-warp strands being woven in only another one ply which is the other face-ply; and substantially all the binder-warp strands being arranged in overlapping layers throughout the thickness of the strap, and the binder-warp strands of each layer of binder-warp strands extending through two adjacent plies but not through all of the plies and being looped over shed-picks of each of only certain ybanks of picks each two nearest together of which are separated from one another by an intermediate bank of picks.

3. A woven, loom harness-strap construction having: ply-warp strands and binder-warp strands woven with weft picks to form more than two woven plies woven together; the average number of picks per bank of picks, being greater than the number of plies; a plurality of ply-warp strands being woven in only one ply which is oneface-ply, and another plurality of ply-warp strands being woven in only another one ply which is the other face-ply; and substantially all the binder-warp strands being arranged in overlapping layers throughout the thickness of the strap, and the binder-warp strands of each layer of binder-warp strands extending through two adjacent plies `but not through all of the plies, and with each of certain of the picks of substantially all the banks of picks, located between two plies.

4. A woven, loom harness-strap construction having: ply-warp strands and binder-warp strands woven with weft picks to form more than two woven plies woven together; the average number of picks per bank of picks, being greater than the number of plies; a plurality of ply-warp strands being woven in only one ply which is one face-ply, and another plurality of ply-warp strands being woven in only another one ply which is the other face-ply; and substantially all the binder-warp strands being arranged in overlapping layers throughout the thickness of the strap and the binder-warp strands of each layer of binder-warp strands extending through two adjacent plies but not through all of the plies, and with each of certain of the picks of certain of the banks of picks located adjacent one side of an interior ply and between said interior ply and an adjacent ply, and with each of certain of the picks of certain others of the banks of picks located adjacent the other side of said interior ply and an adjacent ply.

5. A woven, loom harness-strap construction having: ply-warp strands and binder-warp strands woven with weft picks to form more than two woven plies woven together; the average number of picks per bank of picks, being greater than the number of plies; a pluralityof ply-warp strands being woven in only one ply which is one face-ply, and another plurality of ply-warp strands being woven in only another one ply which is the other face-ply; and substantially all the binder-warp strands being arranged in overlapping layers throughout the thickness of the strap, and the binder-warp strands of each layer of binder-warp strands extending through two adjacent plies but not through all of the plies and being looped over shed-picks of each of only certain banks of picks each two nearest together of which are separated from one another by an intermediate bank of picks, and with each of certain of the picks of substantially all the banks of picks, located between two plies.

6. A woven, loom harness-strap construction having: ply-warp strands and binder-warp strands woven with weft picks to form more than two woven plies woven together; the average number of picks per bank of picks, being greater than the number of plies; a plurality of ply-warp strands being woven in only one ply which is one face-ply, and another plurality of ply-warp strands being woven in only another one ply which is the other face-ply; and substantially all the binder-warp strands being arranged in overlapping layers throughout the thickness of the strap, and the binder-warp strands of each layer of binder-warp strands extending through two adjacent plies but not through all of the plies and being looped over shed-picks of each of only certain banks of picks each two nearest together of which are separated from one another by an intermediate bank of picks, and with each of certain of the picks of certain of the banks of picks located adjacent one side of an interior ply and between said interior ply and an adjacent ply, and with each of certain of the picks of certain others of the banks of picks located adjacent the other side of said interior ply and an adjacent ply.

7. A woven, loom harness-strap construction having: ply-warp strands and binder-warp strands woven with weft picks to form more than two woven plies woven together; the average number of picks per bank of picks, being greater than the number of plies; a plurality of ply-warp strands being woven in only one ply which is one face-ply, and another plurality of ply-warp strands being Woven in only another one ply which is the other face-ply; and Substantially all the binder-warp strands being arranged in overlapping layers throughout the thickness of the strap, and the binder-warp strands of each layer of binder-Warp strands extending through two adjacent plies but not through al1 of the plies, and with a plurality of the picks in each of substantially all the banks of picks, located in each of one or more sheds.

8. A Woven, loom harness-strap construction having: ply-warp strands and binder-Warp strands woven with weft picks to form more than two woven plies woven together; the average number of picks per bank of picks, being greater than the number of plies; a plurality of plywarp strands being Woven in only one ply which is one face-ply, and another plurality of plywarp strands being woven in only another one ply which is the other face-ply; and substantially all the binder-warp strands being arranged in overlapping layers throughout the thickness of the strap, and the binder-Warp strands of each layer of binder-warp strands extending through two adjacent plies but not through all of the plies and being looped over shed-picks o1 each of only certain banks of picks each two nearest together of which are separated from one another by an intermediate bank of picks, and with a plurality of the picks in each of substantially all the banks of picks, located in each of one or more sheds.

GUSTAV WALTERS. ERNEST F. GATZKE.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

